养鱼先养水水需调节同时探索便宜好养活的小型宠物家中物品场景也能添乐趣

我先来介绍一下自来水中对鱼类有害的一些主要成分和去除方法。首先,自来水中的氯气需要静置2—3天,或燥晒1天(如果急用可按每100公斤水加入0.63克大苏打,即硫代酸钠即可立刻使用)。其次,氯胺虽然文章不常提及,但这也是养好鱼的关键问题之一。在某些地区的水质中有较高浓度的可溶有机物,如果此时水厂直接加入氯气,就可以与这些有机物结合形成一些致癌物质,对产生危害。因此,水公司在水中同时加入氯气和氨气,这两种物质可以结合成一种新的物质叫氯胺,而氯胺不与水中的有机物结合,所以当除掉水中的氯气后氨还是在水中。这需要一个良好的氮循环,可以利用生物过滤去除(在这里要提醒刚买新缸的朋友,为什么许多朋友在换新缸时很容易死许多鱼,就是因为,新缸中的生物分解过滤没有形成,在这种情况下氨的浓度会越来越高,以至会杀死你的爱鱼。最好的方法是使用沸石片去掉水中的亚硝酸盐)。

接着,我将谈谈PH值的问题。如果想增加PH值使用碳酸氢钠(小苏打),如果想降低PH值使用磷酸二hydrogen钠。注意同时使用PH试纸,每天调节PH值的度不要超过0.5,但是你要知道,0.5对于鱼来说相当于water里的acid或alkali增加了50倍……最后提一下:不断为water充氧可以起到稳定PH值作用。

然后,我会说说适当的fish数量。你也许会问,这和water quality有什么关系?回答是当然有的,而且有相当大的关系呢!Fish类越多排出的废物越多,污染、疾病、死亡随之而来……基本原则:平均10升water养fish总长度不超过5.5厘米(注意:体长标准是从鼻到身体末端距离,不包括尾巴)。

最后,我将讨论关于nitrogen cycle 的化学变化。不论何种fish缸放入fish,它们都会排出ammonia and other waste into the water, water ammonia concentration will rise, some beneficial bacteria in the water will decompose ammonia (注意: these beneficial bacteria formation needs one week or longer time), as long as these beneficial bacteria group formed, ammonia concentration will decrease until zero.

然而事情并不这样简单,因为这些beneficial bacteria only convert ammonia into nitrite but toxic to fish! So everyone must understand that when ammonia concentration decreases while nitrite concentration rises. But at this time another type of beneficial bacteria forms a group and converts nitrite into relatively non-toxic nitrogen compounds, but this process also needs one week or longer time.

The entire process from ammonia to nitrite then to nitrogen is called the nitrogen cycle. To make a new fish tank achieve good nitrogen cycling state requires 2-3 weeks of time.

If your biological filter has not yet formed and your fish appear problems you urgently need to handle water quality:

For Ammonia treatment:

1., Replace part of the water (reduce concentrations).

2., Add activated carbon (adsorb Ammonia) in the filter.

3., Add helpful microorganisms (decompose Ammonia).

For Nitrite treatment:

1., Change out some of the water.

2., Use salt for fish (although it cannot reduce content, it can neutralize toxins; salt won't harm fish).

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