养鱼小常识：在自然的氛围中，金鱼成为了许多人的宠物，它们以清澈见底的水和优雅的舞蹈吸引着人心。然而，想要让这些美丽的小生命健康地活在你的世界里，你需要了解一些养鱼的小常识。
首先，我们要认识到新水与老水的区别。新水虽然干净无污染，但它缺乏硝化细菌群落，这会导致金鱼排泄物分解为有害的氨。而老水则富含腐殖质和微生物，是适合金鱼生长的地方。因此，养金鱼时，我们需要将新水转变成老水。这一过程称为“养水”。
在这个过程中，重要的是去除自来水中的有毒物质——氯。你可以通过静置或晒曬来达到这一目的。一旦准备好，可以将过滤器打开，让静止的新水变成流动的，然后放入刚打好的缸内，并加入几只强壮易饲养的小金鱼，让它们帮助分解剩余的食物残渣。
接下来，就是培育硝化细菌，这是“养水”的第二步。在这段时间里，由于硝化细菌尚未形成，fish may be harmed. But once the bacteria group forms, it will convert ammonia into harmless nitrite and then nitrate, creating a healthy environment for your fish.
It's important to note that not all water is suitable for goldfish. Green water, with excessive algae growth, can be harmful to them. On the other hand, old water with high levels of beneficial microorganisms and algae can deepen their colors but make them harder to see.
Observation and early treatment are crucial in maintaining a healthy aquatic environment. Regularly inspect your fish for signs of disease or distress such as lethargy or changes in appetite or color. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the spread of diseases.
When treating fish diseases, it's essential to calculate drug quantities accurately based on the total weight of your fish population and consider factors like food intake rates during illness periods. Different drugs have different properties; some should only be applied externally while others are more effective when ingested internally.
The length of treatment depends on the type of disease your fish is suffering from. Invasive diseases caused by parasites typically require 1-2 days' therapy while bacterial or viral infections may need 3-5 days' medication course.
Remember that prevention is key: maintain good water quality by avoiding overcrowding and providing adequate ventilation through air pumps if necessary. Feed your goldfish live worms if possible, as they break down more slowly than artificial pellets which could otherwise pollute the tank quickly.
In summary, nurturing goldfish requires understanding their needs in both physical environments (old vs new water) and health maintenance (preventing illnesses). By following these guidelines you'll create an ideal habitat where these beautiful creatures thrive under your care.